Since the culmination of WWII, a lot of research has been going on in the navy as well as research facilities on what can be accomplished in the water. The invention of unmanned surface vessel also called autonomous surface vehicle was one of the accomplishments of that research. The two names are often abbreviated to USV and ASV respectively. This technology is still new and here is some basic information about them.
Like it is suggested in the name, autonomous surface vehicles are a kind of water vessel that can be propagated into the water without a crew onboard. This technology makes use of tele-operation where it is tele-operated by a crew ashore or on other manned water vessels. This way, risks to human beings is reduced significantly. However, this technology has been found not to necessarily optimize the utilization of personnel.
Immediately after World War Two, many countries started work on the USVs. This area of warfare was pioneered by Israel and it developed several prototypes that were manufactured into finished products. By 2005, there were fully operational USVs in Israeli waters. Currently, many countries maintain naval fleets of USVs for domestic and foreign missions.
Research facilities and academic institutions were the main users of these vehicles before they were adopted in the navy. In research and academic work, they were mostly used to study life at sea. The vehicles increased distance into the sea that could be travelled and length of time studies could be done. Research was rendered easier and many discoveries were done.
When the military started to adopt USVs, they were made more sophisticated and their uses were changed. Today, these vehicles are used for applications such as mine sweeping, harbor security, area access denial, vessel protection, protection of critical infrastructure, surveillance, and anti-submarine warfare among others. More uses are being discovered as the complexity increases.
In most USV models, only a mast protrudes above the water but the rest of the body remains under water. The purpose of the mast is air intake and communication. The navy benefits in a a number of ways from this design since it allows for excellent passive stability, large payload volumes, and utilization of internal combustion propulsion systems. Models that are used for offensive missions incorporate systems for pinpointing, aiming, and firing at air, sea, and land based targets.
Initially, these vehicles were propelled by liquid fuels. Liquid fuels placed limits on how far they could go and how long they can remain in water without refilling. Thus, renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and wave energy started to be researched. To that end, many countries have produced models that rely on solar and wind for energy.
So far, most USVs range in size from small to medium. Most of them are similar in size to recreational watercrafts, that is, from 2-15 meters long and displacing 1.5-10 tons of water. They rely on wireless communication with base stations. They also incorporate sensor data collection systems.
Like it is suggested in the name, autonomous surface vehicles are a kind of water vessel that can be propagated into the water without a crew onboard. This technology makes use of tele-operation where it is tele-operated by a crew ashore or on other manned water vessels. This way, risks to human beings is reduced significantly. However, this technology has been found not to necessarily optimize the utilization of personnel.
Immediately after World War Two, many countries started work on the USVs. This area of warfare was pioneered by Israel and it developed several prototypes that were manufactured into finished products. By 2005, there were fully operational USVs in Israeli waters. Currently, many countries maintain naval fleets of USVs for domestic and foreign missions.
Research facilities and academic institutions were the main users of these vehicles before they were adopted in the navy. In research and academic work, they were mostly used to study life at sea. The vehicles increased distance into the sea that could be travelled and length of time studies could be done. Research was rendered easier and many discoveries were done.
When the military started to adopt USVs, they were made more sophisticated and their uses were changed. Today, these vehicles are used for applications such as mine sweeping, harbor security, area access denial, vessel protection, protection of critical infrastructure, surveillance, and anti-submarine warfare among others. More uses are being discovered as the complexity increases.
In most USV models, only a mast protrudes above the water but the rest of the body remains under water. The purpose of the mast is air intake and communication. The navy benefits in a a number of ways from this design since it allows for excellent passive stability, large payload volumes, and utilization of internal combustion propulsion systems. Models that are used for offensive missions incorporate systems for pinpointing, aiming, and firing at air, sea, and land based targets.
Initially, these vehicles were propelled by liquid fuels. Liquid fuels placed limits on how far they could go and how long they can remain in water without refilling. Thus, renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and wave energy started to be researched. To that end, many countries have produced models that rely on solar and wind for energy.
So far, most USVs range in size from small to medium. Most of them are similar in size to recreational watercrafts, that is, from 2-15 meters long and displacing 1.5-10 tons of water. They rely on wireless communication with base stations. They also incorporate sensor data collection systems.
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